This special move must be done immediately after the first pawn has moved past, otherwise the option to capture it is no longer available. If a pawn moves out two squares on its first move, and by doing so lands to the side of an opponent’s pawn (effectively jumping past the other pawn’s ability to capture it), that other pawn has the option of capturing the first pawn as it passes by. The last rule about pawns is called “en passant,” which is French for “in passing”. Pawns have another special ability and that is that if a pawn reaches the other side of the board it can become any other chess piece (called promotion). If there is another piece directly in front of a pawn he cannot move past or capture that piece. They can never move or capture backwards. Pawns can only capture one square diagonally in front of them. Pawns can only move forward one square at a time, except for their very first move where they can move forward two squares. Pawns are unusual because they move and capture in different ways: they move forward, but capture diagonally. Knights are also the only pieces that can move over other pieces. Knights move in a very different way from the other pieces – going two squares in one direction, and then one more move at a 90 degree angle, just like the shape of an “L”. Bishops work well together because they cover up each other’s weaknesses. Each bishop starts on one color (light or dark) and must always stay on that color. The bishop may move as far as it wants, but only diagonally. The rooks are particularly powerful pieces when they are protecting each other and working together! The rook may move as far as it wants, but only forward, backward, and to the sides.
Notice how the white queen captures the black queen and then the black king is forced to move. Click through the diagram below to see how the queens move. And, like with all pieces, if the queen captures an opponent's piece her move is over. She can move in any one straight direction - forward, backward, sideways, or diagonally - as far as possible as long as she does not move through any of her own pieces. The king can only move one square in any direction - up, down, to the sides, and diagonally. The king may never move himself into check (where he could be captured). The king is the most important piece, but is one of the weakest. Pieces are generally moved into positions where they can capture other pieces (by landing on their square and then replacing them), defend their own pieces in case of capture, or control important squares in the game. However, they can be moved to take the place of an opponent's piece which is then captured. Pieces cannot move through other pieces (though the knight can jump over other pieces), and can never move onto a square with one of their own pieces. White then makes a move, followed by black, then white again, then black and so on until the end of the game.Įach of the 6 different kinds of pieces moves differently. Therefore, players generally decide who will get to be white by chance or luck such as flipping a coin or having one player guess the color of the hidden pawn in the other player's hand. The player with the white pieces always moves first. The rooks go in the corners, then the knights next to them, followed by the bishops, and finally the queen, who always goes on her own matching color (white queen on white, black queen on black), and the king on the remaining square. The second row (or rank) is filled with pawns. The chess pieces are then arranged the same way each time. Starting a GameĪt the beginning of the game the chessboard is laid out so that each player has the white (or light) color square in the bottom right-hand side. Checkmate happens when the king is in a position to be captured (in check) and cannot escape from capture. The goal of the game is to checkmate the other king. Sides of a board containing 64 squares of alternating colors.Įach player has 16 pieces: 1 king, 1 queen, 2 rooks, 2 bishops, 2 knights, and 8 pawns. Has been around since the 15th century where it becameĬhess is a game played between two opponents on opposite Two thousand years ago.The game of chess we know today It evolved from earlier chess-like games played in India almost
The origins of chess are not exactly clear, though most believe
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